HTML URL

In this tutorial, I will be explaining to you everything you need to know about URL.

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator

• URL can be referred to as a website address
• It comprises of either characters, numbers or IP (Internet Protocol) address.
• The main purpose of URL is to get the location of files, resources, documents: available on the internet.

URL Syntax

URL Syntax follows this particular order and arrangement.
scheme://host:port/path?query-string#fragment-id

SCHEME

This defines the type of internet protocol to be used (E.g. http, https, ftp and mailto). The scheme is followed by :// (a colon and two forward slashes).

SCHEME	DESCRIPTION
http	Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Not encrypted web pages)
https	Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Encrypted web pages)
ftp	File Transfer Protocol (For downloading and uploading files)
file	Document on your local storage device or on the internet.
malto	Used to directing uses to an email address

HOST NAME

This is where the resource is located. It is made up of two parts: Prefix and Domain Name.

• Prefix - Host machine name (www)
• Domain Name - Name of the website (obintusacademy.com)
• Host name will now be: www.obintusacademy.com

PORT

This is the port number of the host.

• http - default port 80
• https - default port 443

PATH

This specifies a particular resource (web page, image, file or document, etc) within the host that the user wants to access. For example: coding/html/index

QUERY STRING

This contains data to be sent to a server-side script running on the web server. Query string comes after the question mark (?), which is usually name or value pairs separated by ampersand (&). For example: ?name=Daniel&country=Nigeria

FRAGMENT IDENTIFIER

This specifies a section within a particular page. The browser scrolls to that particular section immediately the page loads up. The fragment identifier is introduced by the hash character #.