Ribbons

Ribbons are necessary in other to make quick editing and formatting. Below are the several ribbons and the grouped commands they contain.

Home

The home tab is made up of five (5) groups of related commands which are: Clipboard, Font, Paragraph, Styles and Editing

• CLIPBOARD - The clipboard contains the copy, paste, cut and format painter commands.
  



TIP:

The description or what each command does is shown when you place your mouse pointer over the command or option. (i.e. when you hover over them)

• FONT - This group contains related commands which you can use to style and format your text font.
  In the first line of commands you have the font and font size selection box menu, Increasing and Decreasing of font size, Changing font cases and Clearing formatting.
  In the second line you have commands for Bold, Italics, Underline, Strikethrough, Subscript, Superscript, Text Effect, Text Highlight and Font color.

• PARAGRAPH - This group contains related commands which is used to style and format paragraph.
  In the first line of commands you have the Bullets, Numbering, Multilevel lists, Increasing and Decreasing Indentation, Sorting and Showing/Hiding paragraph mark.
  In the second line you have commands for Left, Center, Right Align and Justify. Line and Paragraph spacing, Shading and Borders.

• STYLES - This group contains different text and paragraph styles you can select from and start using.

• EDITING - This group contains related commands for editing your text. These commands here include: Find, Replace and Select.

• COLLAPSE ARROW - This is the last group you will find under the home tab, which is used to hide your ribbons.

Insert

The Insert tab is made up of ten (10) group of related commands. As the name implies it is used to insert various elements such as Pictures, Screenshots, Tables, Charts etc.

• PAGES - This group contains related commands which you can used to insert cover pages, blank pages and page breaks.

• TABLES - This group contains command which is used to insert table(s) to your document.

• ILLUSTRATIONS - This is a group of commands that is used to insert various Pictures, Shapes, Icons, 3D Models, Smart Art, Charts and Screenshots.

• ADS-INS - The add-ins group contains commands that are used to insert additional program which adds other functionality to your Ms-word.

• MEDIA - This group has only one command which is used to insert media file to your Ms-word by providing the URL or embedded code of the video.

• LINKS - The links group contains related commands which you can used to add links, creating bookmarks and inserting cross reference.

• COMMENTS - Comments group has only one command which is used to insert a comment in a specific place on your document.

• HEADER AND FOOTER - This is a group of related commands that is used to insert footer, header and page number to your document.

• TEXT - The text group contains specific commands to insert distinct text and text style such as Text Box and Word Art.
  It also contains other related commands which are: Explore quick parts, Drop Caps, Adding Signatures, Inserting Date, Time and Object.

• SYMBOLS - This group is used to insert Symbols and Equations




NOTE:

When you click on the Equation command in the Symbol's grouped ribbon section, an Equation Menu Tab will display which you can use for insertion of various equations, editing and formatting.



• COLLAPSE ARROW - This is the last group area you will find here, which is used to hide your ribbons.

Draw

The Draw tab here contains various options used for drawing and inserting other objects.

• DRAWING TOOLS - In this grouped ribbon there are eraser and other drawing tools with different point sizes which you can use to do free hand drawing in Ms-word

• CONVERT - This group contains two commands that is used to convert drawing to shape and handwritten mathematical expression to normal text in Ms-word.

• INSERT - This ribbon has only one command option which is used to insert canvas to Ms-word.




DEFINITION:

Canvas is an object or box that is used to provide background or shades behind group graphics or images.



• REPLAY - This group has only one command option which is used re-created what you previously deleted. It works like the undo command, only that it is more like a video graphics re-creation.

Design

The design ribbon has to do with related commands for formatting documents and page backgrounds.

• DOCUMENT FORMATTING - The document formatting ribbon has various templates which you can use for your document styling. It also has color and font options to click and select from. You can also set your paragraph spacing which is the spacing between each line. And lastly, it also has command for effects and command to set your current document format to default.

• PAGE BACKGROUND - This group contains related commands that has to do with anything that is seen in the background of your document page. It has three commands here which are: Watermark, Page Color and Page Borders.



DEFINITION:

Watermark is an image or text that appears behind the main text of a document or page.

Layout

The layout tab is made up of three (3) set of group commands which are used to set how your document is arranged or laid in Ms-word.

• PAGE SETUP - This group contains commands for setting the page margin, orientation, size, columns, page breaks, line numbers and hyphenation.

• PARAGRAPH - The paragraph group contains inputs fields for setting your document paragraph indentation and spacing.

• ARRANGE - This group contains related commands that is used to arrange your document layout. The commands here include position, wrap text, bring forward, send backward, selection plane, align, group and rotate.

References

The references ribbon is often used when preparing your final year project. This is because it has various commands for adding document citations, sources etc. The references ribbons are seven (7) in number which are the: table of contents, footnotes, research, citations and bibliography, captions, index and table of authorities.

• TABLE OF CONTENTS - This group contains three set of commands which is used to select in-built table of contents style, add text and update table.

• FOOTNOTES - Footnotes are additional information added at the end of a document. This group contains commands for adding and showing footnotes.

• RESEARCH - This has only one command which is used to search for definitions, images etc online.

• CITATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY - This group contains commands for inserting citations, managing sources, selecting styles for citations and bibliography.



TIP:

Citations are usually references to sources which gives credit to authors of the information. While Bibliography are list of books referred to. MS Word helps you to make these formatting easy when typing by providing you with the above commands.



• CAPTIONS - The commands here are used for inserting captions, tables of figures, updating table and cross reference.

• INDEX - This group contains commands for inserting index, updating index and marking entry of index in your Ms-word document.



DEFINITION:

Index is defined as an alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc with reference to the pages on which they are mentioned.



• TABLES OF AUTHORITIES - This group contains commands for inserting tables of authorities, updating it and marking citations.



DEFINITION:

A table of authority is part of a legal brief that contains index of the cases, statues and secondary sources cited.

Mailings

The mailings group has various related commands which are used for organizing and sending emails. They are made up of five (5) grouped ribbons which are: create, start mail merge, write and insert field, preview result and finish.

• CREATE - This group is made up of two commands which is used to create envelopes and labels for mails.

• START MAIL MERGE - This group has three commands which is used to merge mails, select the recipients of these mails and also edit recipients if need be.

• WRITE AND INSERT FIELDS - Here we have different commands for writing and inserting fields. The commands here include the: Highlight Merge fields, Address Block, Greeting line, Insert Merge field, Rules, Match field and Update label.

• PREVIEW RESULTS - This group has various options for viewing and correcting your prepared mail for any errors.

• FINISH - Finish is the last group in the Mailing menu tab which only one command which is the Merge and Finish.

Review

This group contains related commands that are used to review your document before moving forward to either printing it out or presenting it as finished document.

• PROOFING - In this proofing group there are different commands which are used to for spellings, thesaurus and word count.



DEFINITION:

Proofing is the process of reading each word and punctuation mark in a document slowly and carefully while looking out for errors.

• SPEECH - This group has only one command which is used to read out this text in your document.

• ACCESSIBILITY - This group has only one command and other sub options which is used to check for issues in your document that makes it difficult for people with disabilities to read your document.

• LANGUAGE - The language group here has two commands which are used for translating your document written in one language to another using Microsoft Service Translator online. The other command option is used for proofing in the language of your choice.

• COMMENTS - This group has commands for adding comments and other related comments operations.

• TRACKING - The tracking group contains commands for keep track records of changes made in your document, choosing what type of markup you want to show in your document and Reviewing pane.

• CHANGES - This group works with the tracking ribbon commands to accept, reject changes or go to previous or next changes.

• COMPARE - This group has only one command which is used to compare two documents to check for changes.

• PROTECT - This group has commands which are used to block authors, restrict editing capabilities and protect document using password.

• INK - This group has only one command and other options used to hide and delete ink.

VIEW

View tab ribbon has various related commands for viewing documents, zooming, page movement, recording related commands in macros for easy use etc.

• VIEWS - The views group contains commands which is used to change how the document is being viewed. It has the Read mode, Print layout, Web layout, Outline and Draft commands.

• IMMERSIVE - This group has two commands which are used to improving readability or document by removing other distractions or making your text easy to read.

• PAGE MOVEMENT - Page movement group has only two commands which are used to place page in vertical view or side to side view.

• SHOW - This group has three selections to enable by clicking on the checkbox.

• ZOOM - Zooming group has commands which are used to change your zoom options in a document.

• WINDOWS - The windows group has commands for creating new windows, arranging the windows and splitting. You can also used other commands there to view your windows side by side, set synchronous scrolling, reset windows position and switch between windows.

• MACROS - This group has only one command and other sub options which is used to create macros in Ms-Word.



DEFINITION:

Macros is a series of commands and instructions that you combine together as a single command to complete a task automatically.

• SHARE POINT - SharePoint is a command that is used to open the info options of the current document.

HELP

This section contains different help related commands.

• HELP - This group contains four commands which are Help, Contact Support, Feedback and Show Training which requires data connection for online access.

EQUATION

This tab contains group of related commands and options that is majorly used for mathematical equations.

• TOOLS - The tools group contains two commands that is used of insert in-built equations and other ink equations that you wrote.

• CONVERSIONS - Here you have different related commands for converting to different equations.

• SYMBOLS - This group has different symbols which you can insert when writing equations.

• STRUCTURES - Here we different mathematical equations which you can insert by clicking on the formula structure which displays various options for you to pick from and use.